Fig 1: The effect TNFα on the expression of Schwann cell activation markers in vitro. TNFα treatment increased c-Jun (a,b), GFAP (c,d), and p75 (e–f) immunofluorescence intensity and protein expression in cultured Schwann cells compared to the DMEM control. TNFα treatment decreased MBP immunofluorescence intensity and protein expression in cultured Schwann cells compared to the DMEM control (g–h). Full-length gel blots were provided in the Supplemental Fig. S1 online. Scale bar: 100 μm. Student’s t-test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.